A ready-made, standards-based solution for domestic Australian and New Zealand vaccine passes or passports is available already through the internationally accepted SMART Health Card framework, experts say, in the face of increasing evidence that governments are venturing down different paths.

NSW has announced it will trial a state-wide solution linking the vaccine certificates issued through the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) to the NSW government’s Service NSW app, and other states are said to be considering adding a link to the federal Medicare Express Plus app to the check-in apps currently in use.

However, industry experts say a ready-made solution is already available through the Vaccine Credential Initiative’s (VCI) SMART Health Card framework, which uses the FHIR specification and has been signed up to by the world’s leading software developers, including Microsoft, Oracle, AWS and Salesforce, along with EMR vendors Cerner and Epic, and standards organisations like The Commons Project.